Object-Oriented Programming

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of “objects”, which can contain data and code. Here is a basic example:

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def greet(self):
        return f"Hello, my name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years old."

student1 = Student("Alice", 21)
print(student1.greet())

self Keyword

In Python, the self keyword is used in object-oriented programming to represent the instance of the class. It allows you to access the attributes and methods of the class in Python. When you create an instance of a class, self refers to that specific instance.

Here’s a simple example to illustrate:

class Dog:
  def __init__(self, name):
    self.name = name

  def bark(self):
    return f"{self.name} says woof!"

dog1 = Dog("Buddy")
print(dog1.bark())  # Output: Buddy says woof!

In this example, self.name refers to the name attribute of the dog1 instance.