String formatting

Techniques used to create formatted strings by embedding expressions within string literals. Here are the main methods:

% Operator

Older and less preferred now.

name = "Alice"
age = 30
formatted_string = "Name: %s, Age: %d" % (name, age)
print(formatted_string) # Name: Alice, Age: 30

str.format() Method

More flexible and readable than the % operator.

name = "Bob"
age = 25
formatted_string = "Name: {}, Age: {}".format(name, age)
print(formatted_string) # Name: Bob, Age: 25

f-strings

Most concise and readable way to format strings. Expressions can be embedded inside string literals using curly braces {}. Supports more complex expressions as well.

name = "Charlie"
age = 35
formatted_string = f"Name: {name}, Age: {age}"
print(formatted_string) # Name: Charlie, Age: 35

import math
formatted_string = f"The value of pi is approximately {math.pi:.4f}"
print(formatted_string) # The value of pi is approximately 3.1416