Metals

Generally isotropic, and crystalline. Can be made amorphous by melting and then suddenly cooling a sample. Metals can be categorized into 2 types.

Pure Metals

Inter-molecular bonds: Metallic bonds. Commonly not used in the pure form.

Pure metals might be:

• not strong enough
• too weak to corrosion

Alloys

Which contain more than one metallic element.

Examples:

• Steel
• Cast Iron
• Brass
• Bronze
• Gold jewelry
• Duralumin - used for aircraft body
• Stainless steel ,
• Cast iron

Alloys have a parent metal (mostly used metal, percentage-wise) and one or more alloying elements (all elements other than parent metal).

Note

Steel has maximum of and it’s ductile (won’t break easily). Cast Iron has and it’s brittle (will break easily).

Super Alloys

Alloys containing too many alloying elements (maybe even 20).

Properties

• , and their alloys are magnetic
• Good electrical conductivity
• Good thermal conductivity
• High strength
• High stiffness (= high young’s modulus)
• Good ductility