Metals
Metals can be categorized into 2 types.
Pure Metals
Inter-molecular bonds: Metallic bonds. Commonly not used in the pure form.
Pure metals might be:
- not strong enough
- too weak to corrosion
Alloys
Which contain more than one metallic element.
Examples:
- Steel [Fe+C]
- Brass [Cu+Zn]
- Bronze [Cu+Sn]
- Gold jewelry (Au+Cu)
- Duralumin [Al+Cu] - used for aircraft body
- Stainless steel [Fe+C+Cr+Ni],
- Cast iron [Fe+C]
Alloys have a parent metal (mostly used metal, percentage-wise) and one or more alloying elements (all elements other than parent metal).
Properties
- Fe, Co, Ni, and their alloys are magnetic
- Good electrical conductivity
- Good thermal conductivity
- High strength
- High stiffness (= high young’s modulus)
- Good ductility