Circuit elements

Two types of circuit elements.

• Active
• Passive

Active

Capable of generating electrical energy.

• Voltage sources
• Current sources

These can interchangeably be used.

Voltage sources

• Batteries - electrochemical
• Solar cells - photo voltaic
• Generators - electromagnetic

Ideal voltage source

Constant voltage for any required currents. Does not exist.

Passive

Either consumes or stores electrical energy.

• Resistors
• Capacitors
• Inductors
• Any other elements